What Are the Big Five?
The Big Five — lion, elephant, black rhinoceros, leopard, and Cape buffalo — are Africa's most iconic safari animals. The term originally referred to the five most difficult animals to hunt on foot, but today it represents the five species most sought after by safari-goers. Akagera National Park is the only place in Rwanda where you can see all five of these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat, making it an essential destination for any African safari itinerary.
African Lions: The Pride of Akagera
Lions were reintroduced to Akagera in 2015 after a 20-year absence, with seven individuals brought from South Africa. Today, the population has grown to over 40 lions across several prides. The northern sector of the park is the best area for lion sightings, particularly in the early morning and late afternoon when they're most active. Akagera's lions have adapted well and are frequently seen lounging in the shade of acacia trees or stalking prey across the savannah.
African Elephants: Gentle Giants
Akagera is home to over 100 African elephants that roam the park's savannahs and woodlands. These intelligent giants are among the easiest of the Big Five to spot, often seen in family groups near water sources, especially Lake Ihema and the park's smaller lakes. Watching a herd of elephants cross the savannah with babies in tow is one of Akagera's most moving experiences. The best viewing areas are along the main game drive circuits in both the northern and southern sectors.
Black Rhinos: A Conservation Triumph
In 2017, Akagera made headlines when 18 critically endangered eastern black rhinos were translocated from South Africa, marking their return to Rwanda for the first time in a decade. Additional rhinos were brought in 2019 and 2021, and the population is steadily growing. Due to their endangered status, rhinos are closely monitored by dedicated anti-poaching teams. Sightings are rare but possible, particularly in the northern sector. Seeing a black rhino in the wild is a privilege few safari-goers experience.
Leopards: The Elusive Hunters
Leopards are Akagera's most elusive Big Five member. These solitary, nocturnal cats are masters of camouflage and tend to hide in rocky outcrops and dense vegetation. While daytime sightings are uncommon, night drives significantly increase your chances. The Mutumba Hills area and woodland edges are the best places to look. When spotted, leopards are often seen draped over tree branches or moving silently through the undergrowth. Patience is key — a leopard sighting is the ultimate safari reward.
Cape Buffalo: The Formidable Herd
Cape buffalo are perhaps the most frequently seen of Akagera's Big Five. Large herds of several hundred individuals graze across the park's open plains, and smaller bachelor groups are common along forest edges. Despite their placid appearance, buffalo are considered one of Africa's most dangerous animals and should always be observed from a safe distance. They're fascinating to watch, especially during interactions with predators or when massive herds gather at watering holes.
Where & When to See the Big Five
The northern sector is the prime Big Five zone, offering the best chances for lions and rhinos. Lake Ihema and surrounding plains are excellent for elephants and buffalo. Early morning (6:00-9:00 AM) and late afternoon (3:00-6:00 PM) drives yield the best sightings. A 2-3 day safari gives you the highest probability of seeing all five species. Night drives add chances for leopard sightings. Our experienced guides know the park intimately and will maximise your Big Five opportunities.
